Sprinters
While no event can define an entire track and field meet, most people would identify with the sprinters. The power and speed that is shown in the sprinting events is highly recognizable. Spikes (which are added to track shoes that are compatible for spikes) tend to help focus most of the weight of the shoe to the toe, allowing for momentum to be perpetuated. Sprinting shoes also tend to have stiff front soles, with little material in the heel.
Jumping
Jumping spikes are very similar to sprinting spikes. They differ by not being as toe oriented, allowing for last-minute corrections before the jump. The shoes also have more support in the heel, allowing the jumper to cushion her landing.
Throwing
Shoes for throwing are much different than for other events. For the discus, shot put and hammer throw, the shoes tend to have rubber soles. This allows for better movement in performing the necessary spin to generate the centrifugal force for the throw. Since the javelin event employs many of the same mechanics as the jumping events, a javelineer will usually have spikes on her front soles as well. Both types of shoes will have higher cuffs to give the thrower more support.
Middle Distance Running
Middle distance running is very similar to sprinting. These shoes will have more cushioning, however, to offer the runner better support. The sole also will be more flexible and give the runner a better running motion. Check the company's intended usage for a particular shoe you might be interested in.
Long Distance Running
The long distance running shoe has more variables than those for the shorter distance races. They are meant to be more durable as well as more stable. Some long-distance shoes will look very similar to middle-distance shoes. Many long-distance shoes will not have spikes to reduce the weight in the front of the foot. Some will offer more support in the heel to aid in stability and support.
Article Written By Heather Broeker
Originally from North Carolina, Heather Broeker studied journalism and advertising at the University of North Carolina. After graduation she moved to Los Angeles, where she worked for Fox Searchlight, Fox Reality and later as a writer and marketing director. Broeker now lives in Los Angeles and runs Head Over Heels, a writing and public relations company.
