How to Build a Camp Fire

How to Build a Camp Fire

Kanshiketsu/flickr.com, Trippedamine/flickr.com

Building a campfire can be an easy process or a long and painful one. If you need a fire for survival, build one using the least amount of energy. A well-designed campfire can be used for cooking and protection from animals and flying insects.

Instructions

Difficulty: Moderate

How to Build a Campfire

Things You’ll Need:
  • Tinder (dried grass, pine needles, shredded cedar bark, moss or birch bark) Kindling (dried twigs and small branches) Dried firewood of various sizes
  • Tinder (dried grass, pine needles, shredded cedar bark, moss or birch bark)
  • Kindling (dried twigs and small branches)
  • Dried firewood of various sizes
Step 1
Campfires add a feeling of safety.
Campfires add a feeling of safety.
Look for a site for your campfire at least 1 to 2 hours before dark. The site should be out of the wind, if possible, but also have adequate ventilation. If you are in a rocky area and need warmth, look for a place where you can sit between the fire and a big rock.
Step 2
Gather your dry tinder, kindling and wood. Estimate how long you want the fire to last and gather twice that amount of materials. Don't worry about chopping wood. You can break the wood over a rock or drag it to the fire and feed it slowly into the flames. Rotted wood burns fast and damp wood gives off smoke. The best fuel is dry standing wood.
Step 3
Clear the area of leaves, grass and debris to avoid a wildfire. This is important because some dry grasses burn as quickly as if they had gas poured over them. Try to clear at least 10 feet around the campfire area and more if it's windy.
Step 4
Place dry tinder in the center of the fire area. Light the tinder with a match and add more tinder as the flame builds. Gently blow on the smoking tinder to fan the flame. If it's a windy area, make a tepee out of some larger limbs to shelter the small flame.
Step 5
Add small twigs and sticks in a crisscross manner as the fire builds and add large pieces in the same manner as the fire grows hotter. Take your time and be sure the fire is burning well before adding larger limbs. Large limbs can put the fire out after you have exhausted all of your dry tinder and kindling.

Tips & Warnings

 
Double waterproof your matches by dipping the match heads in melted paraffin and letting them dry before storing them in a waterproof container. Scratch off the paraffin with your fingernail before striking the match. Hickory burns the hottest and is good for cooking. Softwoods, such as cedar and pine, burn hot and leave a taste in cooked food, so start a fire with softwoods and keep it going with the hardwoods, like oak or hickory. If all the tinder is wet, look for bark from dead trees. The underside of bark is usually dry. A mix of dried and green hardwoods added to a hot fire makes it last longer.
 
Double waterproof your matches by dipping the match heads in melted paraffin and letting them dry before storing them in a waterproof container. Scratch off the paraffin with your fingernail before striking the match.
 
Hickory burns the hottest and is good for cooking.
 
Softwoods, such as cedar and pine, burn hot and leave a taste in cooked food, so start a fire with softwoods and keep it going with the hardwoods, like oak or hickory.
 
If all the tinder is wet, look for bark from dead trees. The underside of bark is usually dry.
 
A mix of dried and green hardwoods added to a hot fire makes it last longer.
 
Don't put moist stones around the fire. They can explode when heated. Bury or completely saturate the campfire with water before leaving the area. Wood can smolder for days. Snakes, scorpions and other creatures live in rotten wood, so use caution when handling. Some parks forbid the gathering of wood for fires, so check with authorities first. Never build a campfire in a tent or enclosed space.
 
Don't put moist stones around the fire. They can explode when heated.
 
Bury or completely saturate the campfire with water before leaving the area. Wood can smolder for days.
 
Snakes, scorpions and other creatures live in rotten wood, so use caution when handling.
 
Some parks forbid the gathering of wood for fires, so check with authorities first.
 
Never build a campfire in a tent or enclosed space.

Article Written By Jim Gober

Jim Gober is a garden writer from Rockdale, Texas. His articles appear in five Texas newspapers and he preaches the gospel of gardening every Saturday on local radio. He sells organically grown flowers and vegetables and manages a 150 acre wildlife preserve. He shares his love of gardening, floral and landscape design, and the natural world through his writing. He lives on the Big Lump Farm named after a local coal mining ghost town and is known as "The Big Lump Gardener."

Write for Trails.com
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