Warmth
Staying warm in a cold environment is priority number one. Keep your clothing clean, don't overheat, layer your clothing and stay dry.
Hygiene
Maintain good hygiene using snow baths if necessary. Keep feet dry and warm. Understand how to prevent and treat cold injuries such as hypothermia and frostbite.
Shelter
A snow cave is a quickly constructed simple shelter that provides protection from wind and severe cold. To make a snow cave, dig far enough into the snow for your whole body with a narrow opening preferably covered. Line the bottom of the cave with vegetation to insulate the body from contact with the snow. The floor of the cave should descend at a slight angle to allow water from melted snow to drain away from the body.
Fire
Building a fire quickly with shivering fingers can be essential, especially if you become wet. Keep dry tinder available as well as fire-starting items. As you build the fire, ensure snow and ice on the ground or on overhanging trees above do not extinguish your efforts.
Water
Dehydration is a significant issue and lowers the body's resistance to cold. Snow and ice can be melted to produce water but do not eat snow or ice nor warm with direct body contact. Use a fire or warm between layers of clothing.
Article Written By David Chandler
David Chandler has been a freelance writer since 2006 whose work has appeared in various print and online publications. A former reconnaissance Marine, he is an active hiker, diver, kayaker, sailor and angler. He has traveled extensively and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of South Florida where he was educated in international studies and microbiology.
