Ryanair
Ryanair was a cheap flight pioneer in Europe, with destinations all over the continent. However, along with that cheap ticket, bringing a bag may cost more. Also, seating is first-come, first-served at the gate.
Easyjet
Another cheap flight pioneer in Europe is Easyjet, which covers most of the continent, including many smaller airports.
Eurofly
Eurofly is based in Italy and flies all over Europe and to North Africa. This airline also has direct flights to the United States from Naples and Palermo---a rarity.
Hidden Costs
While the listed fares on some of these airlines' flights might seem like you are almost flying free, there are hidden costs. When flying out of a major city such as London, it will probably cost more to fly from a lesser-used airport, such as Standsted. In addition, fees are attached that sometimes exceed the ticket cost.
Considerations
Amadeus.net is a good resource for comparing flights. The company services both travel agencies and individuals, so it has comprehensive information.